The short version.

• India's flagship Europe-wide channel is the India-EU Trade and Technology Council, launched February 2023 — but it sits on top of eight older bilateral tracks, not in place of them.
• Germany got there first. The Indo-German Science & Technology Centre has funded joint projects since 2010, thirteen years before Brussels and Delhi set up their own version.
• Sweden, Finland and Denmark each signed a named, government-level innovation partnership years before the EU mechanism existed.
• Every citation below was pulled from pib.gov.in and checked by hand against its claimed subject. Two claims in wide circulation about a February 2026 France visit — a named “AI Working Group” and an ISRO-CNES pact on human spaceflight — are flagged as unconfirmed, because the government's own record does not mention either.
• This is an inventory, not a scorecard: a country with five press releases has not necessarily invested more than a country with one — it has simply had more visits worth announcing.

The record, and why it had to be built by hand

Sixteen years, nine counterparties, dozens of press releases — and no single page anywhere adds them up. That gap is the story here. Every entry below was located, then fetched and checked against its own text before being kept, because a government press-release ID is easy to cite wrong and a wrong one is worse than an admitted gap. Two claims that circulated widely about a February 2026 France visit — a named India-France AI Working Group, and an ISRO-CNES letter of intent on microgravity and human spaceflight — did not hold up against PIB's own Joint Statement and its 21-item Outcomes list. They are reported below exactly as that: unconfirmed, not omitted.

The EU track: Trade and Technology Council

This is the mechanism built to sit above any single country — and, so far, the newest of the nine.

The EV-charging workshop and battery-recycling collaboration are technical working-group activities under TTC Working Group 2, not standalone signed instruments — included because they are the actual documented output of the mechanism, not because they carry treaty status.

Germany — the oldest, most institutionalised track

The Nordic bloc got there first: Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Norway

Four separate governments, four named partnerships, all predating Brussels' own effort.

Switzerland and the Netherlands

France: separating what was signed from what was reported

President Macron's official visit to India ran 17–19 February 2026. Two claims about it travelled widely afterward: a named “India-France AI Working Group,” and an ISRO-CNES letter of intent specifically on microgravity and human spaceflight research. Both were checked directly against PIB's Joint Statement and its official 21-item List of Outcomes. Neither term appears in either document. The Joint Statement names “Trusted AI” as a roadmap theme, not a standing working group, and its only ISRO-CNES reference is the pre-existing general relationship plus an unrelated January 2024 defence-space letter of intent. What the visit did produce, confirmed line by line against PIB:

This is the case for verifying a claim against the primary document rather than the visit's own press coverage: a joint statement is written to sound as comprehensive as possible, and trade press summarising it can round a themed pillar up into a named institution that does not, on the actual text, exist yet.

What this inventory does, and its limits

Every row above carries either a fetched, keyword-confirmed pib.gov.in URL, or an explicit note on where it actually comes from instead. Read it as a record of what got documented, not a ranking of what got done: a country with five releases has simply had five press-worthy visits, and a country with one may still be doing more. The record is also a working one. PIB has no single search that spans nine years and nine counterparties at once, so this list was assembled release by release, and it will grow as new agreements are signed and older ones surface.

Sources and caveats